Uterine Prolapse

Causes of Uterine Prolapse

The main causes of uterine prolapse include:

• Pregnancy and childbirth (especially multiple or complicated deliveries)

• Age-related changes and decreased estrogen levels

• Excess body weight

• Chronic constipation or heavy physical exertion

• Pelvic surgeries

Uterine prolapse often occurs in women over 50, but can develop earlier in the presence of risk factors.

Symptoms of Uterine Prolapse

Symptoms depend on the stage of prolapse and may include:

• Sensation of a foreign object in the vagina

• Discomfort, heaviness, or pain in the lower abdomen

• Frequent urination or urinary incontinence

• Difficulty with bowel movements

• Pain during sexual intercourse

In the early stages, symptoms may be mild and worsen with physical exertion or prolonged standing.

Stages of Uterine Prolapse

There are several stages of uterine prolapse:

• First stage — the cervix descends but remains within the vagina

• Second stage — the cervix partially protrudes outside the vagina during straining

• Third stage — significant prolapse of the cervix and uterus

• Fourth stage (complete prolapse) — the entire uterus protrudes outside the vagina

The earlier treatment begins, the higher the chances of avoiding surgery.

Diagnosis of Uterine Prolapse

Diagnosis includes:

• Gynecological examination

• Pelvic ultrasound

• MRI (if necessary)

• Evaluation of bladder and rectal function

The choice of diagnostic method depends on the severity of symptoms and any accompanying conditions.

Treatment Methods for Uterine Prolapse

Conservative Treatment Methods

Conservative treatment is recommended in early stages and includes:

• Special Kegel exercises to strengthen pelvic floor muscles

• Use of vaginal pessaries

• Hormone therapy (in cases of estrogen deficiency)

• Physiotherapy

Surgical Treatment Methods

In more advanced stages, surgical treatment may be required, which may include:

• Restoration of ligamentous support

• Fixation of the uterus to pelvic walls

• Hysterectomy (in severe cases or with other indications)

Types of Surgery for Uterine Prolapse

Surgical procedures can be performed either through open surgery or laparoscopically. The choice depends on the patient’s age, overall health, disease stage, and desire to preserve reproductive function. Common procedures include:

• Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy

• Vaginal hysterectomy

• Colpoperineorrhaphy

Surgical techniques are constantly being improved to ensure better recovery and minimize recurrence risks.

Consequences and Complications of Uterine Prolapse

Without treatment, the condition may lead to:

• Chronic pain and inflammation

• Urinary and fecal incontinence

• Urinary tract infections

• Erosions and ulcers on the vaginal mucosa

• Reduced quality of life and sexual activity

Prevention of Uterine Prolapse

To prevent prolapse, it is recommended to:

• Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous physical activities

• Maintain a healthy weight

• Treat constipation in a timely manner

• Perform pelvic floor exercises (such as Kegels)

• Follow postpartum care guidelines and medical advice

Regular gynecological check-ups help detect issues early and initiate treatment before complications arise.

Rehabilitation After Treatment

After surgery, it is important to follow recovery recommendations:

• Limit physical activity for 6–8 weeks

• Follow a diet to prevent constipation

• Undergo physiotherapy and therapeutic exercises

• Take prescribed hormonal and anti-inflammatory medications

Medical supervision is necessary to assess treatment effectiveness and detect any recurrence early.

Uterine Prolapse Treatment in Russia

Clinics

• Olimp Clinic: Specializes in minimally invasive surgeries for prolapse, using modern pelvic floor reconstruction techniques.
• MEDSI: Offers comprehensive diagnostics and surgical treatment with an individualized approach to each patient.
• EMC: Performs surgeries using laparoscopic technology with follow-up rehabilitation under expert supervision.
• Mother and Child: Provides care for women with various forms of prolapse. The clinic uses gentle surgical methods and modern recovery protocols to ensure a high level of safety and comfort.

Cost

The cost of treatment depends on the stage of the condition, treatment method, and the level of the clinic. On average, surgical intervention ranges from $1000 to $2500. Conservative treatment is significantly cheaper but requires regular monitoring.

MARUS Support

MARUS will help you select a clinic for uterine prolapse treatment in Russia, compare options, schedule an appointment, and receive professional support at every stage. We work only with trusted centers and experienced surgeons to ensure you receive qualified care and feel confident throughout the process.